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Will corn and soybean acreage drop?

Ag Marketing IQ: The June 28 USDA report fizzled, but historically expected drops in acreage and weather, global demand and elections could still spark a rally in 2024/25 grain markets.

Brett Mapel, Ag risk management advisor

July 2, 2024

3 Min Read
Corn and soybean fields
Getty Images/oticki

In the small town where I grew up, our 4th of July parade was a big deal and attracted many people from the surrounding area. Yet, as a young boy, I was always much more enamored by fireworks. What kind? Any kind that exploded, smoked, made noise, you name it. Thankfully, I did not have any experiences where those fireworks injured me, at least that I can recall.

Some may say we’ve had some early fireworks in the markets. Let’s look at some of those and see what potential surprise fireworks could still be in store.

Many areas have had wet weather and planting delays, which caused a sparkle to return to the corn and soybean markets in May. For some areas, that has continued through June. The areas of Minnesota, northwest Iowa and eastern South Dakota are among the areas still reeling from too much water. When will the market have a handle on planted/harvested acres from those areas?

We had hot and dry conditions here locally until the last two weeks, which many had thought might be the smoke to start the grain markets marching upward. You may recall the Canadian wildfire smoke was a big story last summer as it tempered some of the sunshine and heat that we were experiencing in the Corn Belt during the early part of the growing season.

June 28 report fizzled

We are now past the June 28 stocks/acreage report. While the market may have been surprised by the significantly higher corn acreage number, the report didn’t give us the big bang many hoped to see.

When we look at the report, as it compares to the June trade estimates and the final USDA corn acreage numbers in the chart below, we see that history shows the fireworks show isn’t over.

  • The June acreage numbers exceeded the trade average estimate in 13 out of the last 20 years (65%), which suggests that the trade usually underestimates the USDA numbers from the June report.

  • Among those 13 occurrences, only in 2022 did the final acreage number end up lower than the June trade estimate (8%).

  • Historical data also shows that USDA often makes cuts to its June acreage figures, and the final numbers were below those in the June report in 13 years since 2005 (68%).

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Looking at the same numbers and reports for soybeans in the chart below, you can see that, conversely to corn:

  • The June acreage numbers exceeded the trade average estimate only 5 out of the last 20 years (25%).

  • When comparing the final USDA soybean acreage number to the USDA June number, 13 out of the previous 20 years had a smaller acreage number since 2005 (68%)—just like corn.

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As we all know, there is much more to be written before the grand finale of any good fireworks show: pollination and pod set weather, overseas demand and purchases and elections, to name a few. Which will provide the spark that may ignite a rally? Will the soybean market rally this year?

Don’t let your marketing plan explode before your very eyes. Having price floors in place while staying disciplined during the summer growing season is key. Hopefully, you already made some sales and have offers in place so you are ready to capitalize on opportunities whenever they may come. Those opportunities may be for both your 2024 crop and the 2025 crop.

Contact Advance Trading at (800) 747-9021 or visit www.advance-trading.com.

Information provided may include opinions of the author and is subject to the following disclosures:

The risk of trading futures and options can be substantial. All information, publications, and material used and distributed by Advance Trading Inc. shall be construed as a solicitation. ATI does not maintain an independent research department as defined in CFTC Regulation 1.71. Information obtained from third-party sources is believed to be reliable, but its accuracy is not guaranteed by Advance Trading Inc. Past performance does not necessarily indicate future results.

The opinions of the author are not necessarily those of Farm Futures or Farm Progress.

About the Author(s)

Brett Mapel

Ag risk management advisor, Advance Trading Inc.

Brett joined Advance Trading in 2002. He serves farmers in northern Illinois, east central Illinois and Wisconsin. Brett is originally from Towanda, Illinois and received his Bachelor of Science in Ag Business and Crop Science from Illinois State University. Brett and his wife have three children. He enjoys serving at their church, hunting, fishing and playing sports.

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