Cow-calf producers should consider weaning calves now to help reduce the demand on pastures and get cows in better condition prior to winter, according to Denise Schwab, beef specialist with Iowa State University Extension. "Calves as young as 90 days old can successfully be weaned, however most early weaning programs focus on calves 100-120 days of age," Schwab says. "Early weaning has advantages for both the calf and the cow."
Removing calves reduces nutrient requirements on the cow by 30% to 50%, allowing cows to maintain their body condition on less feed. If cows aren't already cycling, early weaning can make them return to estrus sooner and improve pregnancy rates. Cows also have more time to increase their body condition prior to cold winter weather.
Cow-calf producers can wean calves early to help stretch pastures and get cows in better condition before winter arrives.
"Early weaned calves are no more prone to health, nutritional or environmental problems than calves in conventional weaning programs," she says. "Calves weaned early and started on a high concentrate ration may have higher marbling at harvest."
Early weaning does require good weaning management. Producers need to focus on their facilities, nutrition, health and management with young calves.
Early weaning requires good weaning management; here are steps to follow
* Early weaning requires a well-drained, excellent fenced lot with at least 100 square feet per head at weaning time, and 400 square feet per head after the weaning period has ended.
* Bunks and water tanks should have an 18-inch throat height.
* It helps to wet down dusty lots prior to weaning and during the days that the calves are walking the fences to reduce the dust irritation to the respiratory tract.
* Butting feedbunks against the fenceline will help reduce the amount of fence walking calves do.
* Remember to start calves on feed slowly and spread the feed out so all calves can eat at the same time.
* Adequate clean, fresh water is also critical for success.